The number of open state legislative seats has decreased over the past two years, from 21% in 2012 to just under 17% in 2014. In 2014, 986 partisan state legislators–543 Republicans and 443 Democrats–have declined to seek re-election. Republicans were more likely to retire than Democrats: 55% of this year’s retiring incumbents are Republicans and 45% are Democrats. Of the 5,049 incumbents who chose to run for re-election this year, 1,724 (34%) will advance through the primary and general elections without any opposition.
The number of incumbents facing primary opposition has also decreased over the past two years, from almost 25% in 2012 to 19% in 2014. Where primary competition does exist, it is more likely to be on the Republican side of the aisle, suggesting a relatively heightened degree of competition within the GOP over its direction. In the 27 states that have held primary elections through July, 351 Republican incumbents and 244 Democratic incumbents have faced primary opposition.
Additionally, when primary competition does exist, GOP voters have so far proven themselves somewhat more willing to turn out the incumbent: of the 595 partisan incumbents who have faced primary opposition thus far in 2014, 83 have lost a primary. Republican primary voters defeated 15% of their incumbents, while Democratic primary voters rejected 12% of their incumbents. Of the 83 defeated incumbents, 53 (64%) are Republicans and 30 (36%) are Democrats. Coming up in August and September, 235 Republican incumbents and 148 Democratic incumbents will face one or more primary challengers in the 19 states with primaries yet to be held.
The number of general elections featuring candidates from each of the two major parties has decreased from 62% in 2012 to 55% in 2014. There will be two or more major party candidates in 3,304 of the 6,056 seats with state legislative elections in 2014. This means that 1,797 candidates will face no opposition in either the primary or the general election. This includes 937 Republicans, 851 Democrats, and 9 third party candidates who effectively secured seats simply by filing to run. |