Siberian Fir, also known as Abies sibirica, survives temperatures below −50°C, making it one of the hardiest known trees. It is not difficult to imagine that an oil coming from the needles of a tree thriving in such cold climates would demonstrate powerful healing properties.

Abies sibirica describes two recognized subspecies, with only Abies sibirica subsp. sibirica found among regular aromatherapy provisions. The other subspecies, Abies sibirica subsp. semenovii, is confined to Kyrgyzstan and known as Tienshan fir. 

Siberian Fir oil is characterized by its high concentration of bornyl acetate, a precious component for lungs and bronchial system. Though bornyl acetate is naturally found in many oils, it is rarely seen at a level as high as Abies sibirica (30 - 40%). Hence the oil is an effective antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory agent with balsamic effects on the respiratory tract. It is especially effective, according to French Style aromatherapy, for bronchial conditions arising from asthma complaints. Bornyl acetate has also been shown to inhibit excessive immune reactions in the respiratory tract.