As sea levels rise, local jurisdictions are considering how to incorporate managed retreat into land use planning. This article identifies key managed retreat tools and provides examples of their real-world use.

A recent California Supreme Court decision offers guidance, but not a bright line rule, for determining whether a response to a Public Records Act request requires “data extraction,” the costs of which agencies may shift to requesters.

Does your agency require “wet-ink” signatures on contracts, resolutions, or permit applications? State law permits public agencies to use electronic signatures on official documents. With public agencies increasingly conducting business electronically during the COVID-19 pandemic, more are accepting e-signatures. Read on for considerations in developing electronic signature policies.